Journal
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
Volume 57, Issue 8, Pages 1171-1190Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2005.01.023
Keywords
ESR; EPR; drug delivery; PEDRI; overhauser imaging; EPR imaging; in vivo EPR
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Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR, or ESR) is a powerful non-invasive spectroscopic tool that can be used to monitor drug release processes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, spatial dissolution can be achieved by means of EPR-Imaging. The article introduces the basics of EPR and EPR-imaging. It discusses also the challenges of in vivo spectroscopy and imaging and presents information about new developments such as longitudinally detected EPR (LODEPR) and Proton Electron Double Resonance Imaging ((PEDRI). Examples of the usefulness of EPR in the field of drug delivery include the measurement of microviscosity and micropolarity, the direct detection of drug release mechanisms in vitro and in vivo, the monitoring of microacidity in biodegradable polymers and the characterisation of colloidal drug carriers. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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