Journal
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
Volume 456, Issue -, Pages 182-187Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2013.02.019
Keywords
Biodiesel; Ferric hydrogen sulphate; Esterification; Transesterification; Mixed waste vegetable oil; Reusable
Categories
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Biodiesel production by simultaneous esterification and transesterification of waste oil with methanol has been studied in a heterogeneous system using solid ferric hydrogen sulphate [Fe (HSO4)(3)] acid catalyst. The catalyst was prepared by displacement reaction followed by calcination at 400 degrees C for 3 h. The prepared catalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), Brunner-Emmett-Teller surface area measurement (BET), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and temperature-programmed desorption of NH3 (TPD - NH3). Furthermore, the dependence of the conversion of mixed waste oil on the reactions variables such as the molar ratio of methanol/oil, the amount of catalysts used, reaction temperatures, reusability were also investigated. The catalyst was reused many times with slight loss in activity and the maximum yield of 94.5% was achieved at the optimized conditions of reaction temperature of 205 degrees C; stirring speed of 350 rpm, 1:15 molar ratio of oil to alcohol and 1% w/w catalyst loading. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available