Synthesis of glycerol carbonate by transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate over Mg/Al/Zr catalysts

Glycerol carbonate was synthesized by transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate using Mg/Al/Zr mixed oxide base catalysts. A series of Mg/Al/Zr catalysts were prepared with different molar ratios by using co-precipitation method and calcining at different temperatures. The catalysts were characterized by FT-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and temperature-programmed desorption of CO(2). The transesterification activity depends on the Mg/Al/Zr molar ratio and the catalyst with Mg/Al/Zr molar ratio of 3:1:1 showed excellent activity. The catalyst activity depends on the pretreatment temperature, structure and basicity of the catalysts. The transesterification activity of catalysts was correlated with the structural aspects and the amount of basicity. Various parameters such as reaction temperature, catalyst concentration and molar ratio of dimethyl carbonate to glycerol were studied to optimize the reaction conditions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.