Journal
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE
Volume 83, Issue 7, Pages 898-908Publisher
CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1139/B05-077
Keywords
CO2-concentrating mechanism; C-4 photosynthesis; marine diatoms; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
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Funding
- Natural Environment Research Council [NER/A/S/2001/01130] Funding Source: researchfish
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Diatoms are responsible for at least a quarter of inorganic carbon fixed each year in the ocean. Despite very considerable research over the last 30 years, there are still a number of fundamental unresolved aspects of inorganic carbon assimilation by marine diatoms. It is not clear how the carbon-concentrating mechanism functions and whether it is based on the direct acquisition of inorganic carbon or on a C-4 pathway, or a combination of both. Although evidence for the operation of a C-4 pathway is accumulating, the role(s) of the enzyme(s) responsible for C-3 + C-1 inorganic carbon assimilation in the light and dark are still matters of controversy. In this review, we discuss whether diatoms possess the enzymic and structural components necessary for a C-4-type CO2-concentrating mechanism. These are compared and contrasted with other C-4 systems, both single-celled and those in terrestrial plants, which are based on Kranz anatomy. New data are presented on expression of genes that might be involved in C-4 photosynthesis, including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.
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