Journal
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
Volume 78, Issue 1, Pages 14-26Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1204712
Keywords
dendritic cells; macrophages; chemotaxis; inflammatory; homing
Categories
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA034590-21, R01 CA034590] Funding Source: Medline
- BLRD VA [IK6 BX005225] Funding Source: Medline
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CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) was originally discovered as pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC), dendritic cell (DC)-chemokine 1 (DC-CK1), alternative macrophage activation-associated CC chemokine-1 (AMAC-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-4 (MIP-4). CCL18 primarily targets lymphocytes and immature DC, although its agonistic receptor remains unknown so far. CCL18 is mainly expressed by a broad range of monocytes/macrophages and DC. A more profound understanding of the various activation programs and functional phenotypes of these producer cells might give a better insight in the proinflammatory versus anti-inflammatory role of this CC chemokine. It is interesting that CCL18 is constitutively present at high levels in human plasma and likely contributes to the physiological homing of lymphocytes and DC and to the generation of primary immune responses. Furthermore, enhanced CCL18 production has been demonstrated in several diseases, including various malignancies and inflammatory joint, lung, and skin diseases. The lack of a rodent counterpart for human CCL18 sets all hope on primate animal models to further elucidate the importance of CCL18 in vivo. This review will address these different aspects in more detail.
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