IgA: An immune glycoprotein

IgA is a glycoprotein containing multiple N-linked carbohydrates as well as O-linked glycans in the case of IgAl. Because of the critical role it plays in providing protection at mucosal surfaces, IgA is an ideal candidate for use as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent. The presence or absence of carbohydrates, as well as their structure, has been found to influence effector functions and binding to specific IgA receptors. In addition, changes in IgA glycosylation are associated with immune pathology. A thorough understanding of the contributions of the glycans to IgA immune protection will aid in the design of clinically suitable antibodies. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.