Journal
NEUROREPORT
Volume 16, Issue 10, Pages 1069-1073Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/00001756-200507130-00008
Keywords
bicuculline; Fos; head-restrained rat; hypocretin; lateral hypothalamic area; melanin-concentrating hormone; perifornical nucleus; rapid eye movement sleep; waking
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The perifornical-lateral hypothalamic area is implicated in regulating waking and paradoxical sleep. The blockade of GABA(A) receptors by iontophoretic applications of bicuculline (or gabazine) into the perifornical-lateral hypothalamic area induced a continuous quiet waking state associated to a robust muscle tone in head-restrained rats. During the effects, sleep was totally suppressed. In rats killed at the end of a 90 min ejection of bicuculline, Fos expression was induced in approximate to 28% of the neurons immunoreactive for hypocretin and in approximate to 3% of the neurons immunostained for melanin-concentrating hormone within the ejection site. These results suggest that neurons containing melanin-concentrating hormone are not active during waking and that the lack of a potent GABAergic influence during waking is consistent with their role in sleep regulation.
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