Journal
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 80, Issue 11, Pages 3341-3349Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00475-14
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Funding
- EcoGenome project of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-BLAN-08-0090]
- French Ministere de l'Education Nationale de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche
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The soil- and rhizosphere-inhabiting bacterium Agrobacterium fabrum (genomospecies G8 of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens species complex) is known to have species-specific genes involved in ferulic acid degradation. Here, we characterized, by genetic and analytical means, intermediates of degradation as feruloyl coenzyme A (feruloyl-CoA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl-beta-hydroxypropionyl- CoA, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl-beta-ketopropionyl-CoA, vanillic acid, and protocatechuic acid. The genes atu1416, atu1417, and atu1420 have been experimentally shown to be necessary for the degradation of ferulic acid. Moreover, the genes atu1415 and atu1421 have been experimentally demonstrated to be essential for this degradation and are proposed to encode a phenylhydroxypropionyl-CoA dehydrogenase and a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl-beta-ketopropionic acid (HMPKP)CoA beta-keto-thiolase, respectively. We thus demonstrated that the A. fabrum hydroxycinnamic degradation pathway is an original coenzyme A-dependent beta-oxidative deacetylation that could also transform p-coumaric and caffeic acids. Finally, we showed that this pathway enables the metabolism of toxic compounds from plants and their use for growth, likely providing the species an ecological advantage in hydroxycinnamic-rich environments, such as plant roots or decaying plant materials.
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