Journal
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 78, Issue 20, Pages 7249-7257Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01296-12
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Funding
- NSF RAPID grant [1043126]
- NSF grant as part of the joint NSF-NIH Ecology of Infectious Diseases program [EF-0813285/EF-0813066]
- NASA grant [NNX09AR57G]
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Oceans and Human Health Initiative [NA04-OAR-4600214]
- NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service
- NASA [108061, NNX09AR57G] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [813066] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus, which are native to estuaries globally, are agents of seafood-borne or wound infections, both potentially fatal. Like all vibrios autochthonous to coastal regions, their abundance varies with changes in environmental parameters. Sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface height (SSH), and chlorophyll have been shown to be predictors of zooplankton and thus factors linked to vibrio populations. The contribution of salinity, conductivity, turbidity, and dissolved organic carbon to the incidence and distribution of Vibrio spp. has also been reported. Here, a multicoastal, 21-month study was conducted to determine relationships between environmental parameters and V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus populations in water, oysters, and sediment in three coastal areas of the United States. Because ecologically unique sites were included in the study, it was possible to analyze individual parameters over wide ranges. Molecular methods were used to detect genes for thermolabile hemolysin (A), thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), and tdh-related hemolysin (trh) as indicators of V. parahaemolyticus and the hemolysin gene vvhA for V. vulnificus. SST and suspended particulate matter were found to be strong predictors of total and potentially pathogenic V. parahaetnolyticus and V. vulnificus. Other predictors included chlorophyll a, salinity, and dissolved organic carbon. For the ecologically unique sites included in the study, SST was confirmed as an effective predictor of annual variation in vibrio abundance, with other parameters explaining a portion of the variation not attributable to SST.
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