Journal
BIOMATERIALS
Volume 26, Issue 23, Pages 4847-4855Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.01.006
Keywords
calcification; medium calcium; osteoblast; viability; type II collagen gel; tissue engineering
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Our research group aims to develop an osteochondral composite using type II collagen gel with hydroxyapatite (HAp) deposited on one side. Soaking gels in Ca2+ and phosphate solution is indispensable to HAp deposition, so relationships between cell behavior and Ca2+ concentration were examined in two- and three-dimensional cultures. The present results indicate that 2-4 mM Ca2+ is suitable for proliferation and survival of osteoblasts, whereas slightly higher concentrations (6-8 mM) favor osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization in both 2- and 3-dimensional cultures. Higher concentrations (> 10 mM) are cytotoxic. Purely from the perspective of calcium deposition, higher concentrations lead to increased accumulation of Cat(2+). Culturing cells in phosphate-containing gel in media with Ca2+ also leads to time-dependent formation of HAp in the gel. Considering the viability of embedded cells, culturing scaffolds in media with Ca2+ concentrations around 5 mM is useful for both HAp deposition and osteoblast behavior. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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