Journal
AUTOIMMUNITY
Volume 38, Issue 5, Pages 353-357Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/08916930500124072
Keywords
oligomerization; lymphocytes; rheumatoid arthritis; costimulatory receptor
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Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) was isolated in 1992 by subtractive-hybridization technique, as a molecule whose expression is enhanced by apoptotic stimuli. Since then we have been analyzing the function of PD-1 in the regulation of immune responses. Generation of PD-1 deficient mice, pathophysiological analyses of autoimmune diseases in PD-1 deficient mice, identification of two ligands, and analyses of downstream events of PD-1 revealed that PD-1 prevents autoimmunity by inhibiting activation of self-reactive lymphocytes. These findings were further applied on human autoimmune diseases and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on human PD- I gene have been reported to link with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and type I diabetes.
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