Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 102, Issue 32, Pages 11167-11172Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0502183102
Keywords
polyelectrolyte lipid complexes; small angle x-ray scattering; nanotube-based drug delivery; membrane; tubulin
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Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM059288, GM-59288] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS013560, NS13560] Funding Source: Medline
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Intermolecular interactions between charged membranes and biological polyelectrolytes, tuned by physical parameters, which include the membrane charge density and bending rigidity, the membrane spontaneous curvature, the biopolymer curvature, and the overall charge of the complex, lead to distinct structures and morphologies. The self-assembly of cationic liposome-microtubule (MT) complexes was studied, using synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy. Vesicles were found to either adsorb onto MTs, forming a beads on a rod structure, or undergo a wetting transition and coating the MT. Tubulin oligomers then coat the external lipid layer, forming a tunable lipid-protein nanotube. The beads on a rod structure is a kinetically trapped state. The energy barrier between the states depends on the membrane bending rigidity and charge density. By controlling the cationic lipid/tubulin stoichiometry it is possible to switch between two states of nanotubes with either open ends or closed ends with lipid caps, a process that forms the basis for controlled chemical and drug encapsulation and release.
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