Incorporating context in text analysis by interactive activation with competition artificial neural networks

Many segments of modern society, including marketing, politics, government, activism and public safety, desire the ability to find relationships, thus meaning, in public discourse. This can be accomplished by analyzing communication documents according to their content. The increasing use of the Internet for public dialog has made Internet communication a potentially rich source of data in this regard. This study explores the use of an interactive activation with competition (IAC) artificial neural network (ANN) to find relationships in email texts. A modified fully recurrent IAC network was used to process 69 email messages from two threads in the Open Library/Information Science Education Forum using two variations of the self-organizing phase of network formation. These variations were: (1) with and (2) without a linear decay function applied between sentences to the external activation of nodes. The use of the linear decay function, which could be considered a method for including context, produced three positive effects: the entire network was more differentiated from keywords; the keywords were more highly associated with each other, and; roughly half the number of noise strings were highly associated with keywords. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.