Journal
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
Volume 39, Issue 3, Pages 443-452Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2005.06.011
Keywords
atherosclerosis; knockout mice; cyclooxygenase; cyclooxygenase inhibitors; COX-2; COX-2 selective inhibitors; prostaglandins; inflammation; pharmacology; bone marrow transplantation
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Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HL53989, HL57986] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [DK59637] Funding Source: Medline
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Cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions. We have previously reported that selective inhibition of COX-2 reduces early atherosclerosis in LDLR deficient mice. To examine the role of COX-2 in atherosclerosis in other mouse models, we studied the effects of selective COX-2 inhibition (by rofecoxib and NS-398) and nonselective COX inhibition (by indomethacin) on early atherosclerotic lesion formation in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice. Selective COX-2 and nonselective COX inhibition reduced atherosclerosis in female apoE(-/-) rnice by 35-38% and 38-51 % in the proximal and en face aortas, respectively. Next we investigated the role of macrophage COX-2 by transplanting COX-2(-/-) fetal liver cells into C5713L/6 mice and challenging the mice with an atherogenic diet. Genetic deletion of COX-2 from hematopoietic cells reduced atherosclerosis by 51 %. In addition, LPS activated COX-2- macrophages had decreased expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha). The results demonstrate that selective inhibition of COX-2 and elimination of COX-2 from macrophages significantly reduces early atherosclerotic lesion formation in apoE-deficient and C57BL/6 mice. These results are compatible with COX-2 expression by macrophages having a proatherogenic role, and support the potential of anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches for atherosclerosis. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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