Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
Volume 54, Issue 3, Pages 697-701Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20593
Keywords
in vivo MR spectroscopic imaging; brain; spectral bandwidth; interlaced Fourier transform
Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG010897] Funding Source: Medline
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Complete coverage of the in vivo proton metabolite spectrum, including downfield resonances, requires a spectral bandwidth of approximately 9 ppm. Spectral bandwidth of in vivo echoplanar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) is primarily limited by gradient strength of the oscillating readout gradient, gradient slew rate, and limits on peripheral nerve stimulation for human subjects. Furthermore, conventional EPSI reconstruction, which utilizes even and odd readout echoes separately, makes use of only half the spectral bandwidth. In order to regain full spectral bandwidth in EPSI, it has previously been suggested to apply an interlaced Fourier transform (iFT), which uses even and odd echoes simultaneously. However, this method has not been thoroughly analyzed regarding its usefulness for in vivo 3D EPSI. In this Note, limitations of the iFT method are discussed and an alternative, cyclic spectral unwrapping, is proposed, which is based on prior knowledge of typical in vivo spectral patterns.
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