Seasonal and interannual variability of surface circulation in the Cape Verde region from 8 years of merged T/P and ERS-2 altimeter data

The characterisation of the geostrophic surface flow field around the Cape Verde Archipelago in the northeast Atlantic Ocean with satellite altimeter data is presented. The aim is to analyse the main current systems present in the region 3 degrees-30 degrees N, 40 degrees-10 degrees W and their seasonal and interannual variability. A merged data set of Topex/Poseidon (T/P) and ERS-2 altimeter data for an 8-year period, beginning in June 1995, has been used and corrected sea surface heights were computed by applying a homogeneous set of relevant geophysical corrections. ERS-2 data were crossover adjusted to T/P. Monthly maps of sea level anomalies were created for the whole period and were used in the computation of monthly maps of absolute dynamic topography, geostrophic currents and eddy kinetic energy (EKE). The seasonal signal of the northeast Tropical Atlantic large-scale surface circulation appears as the prevailing cause of the variability in the region, particularly in the southernmost portion of the region being studied. This signal is also present in the flow field along the African coast and in the Guinea Dome. Regions of highest EKE values are clearly associated with the North Equatorial Counter-Current and with the currents along the African coast. The significant interannual variability found for 1998 seems to be associated with the 1997-1998 ENSO Pacific event, but other anomalous periods (1996-1997 and 2001-2002) uncorrelated with ENSO are also evident. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.