Journal
ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 102, Issue 1, Pages 73-81Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-012-9714-2
Keywords
Pseudomonas spp.; Beta-lactams resistance; Hospital sewage; Integrons
Categories
Funding
- CAPES (Brazilian Government Supporting Agency)
- Rio Grande do Sul State Supporting Agency FAPERGS
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the resistance profile, to detect the presence of beta-lactam resistance genes, phenotypic expression of efflux pump systems and class 1 integrons in spp. strains obtained from untreated hospital effluents. Effluent samples were collected from four hospitals in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. were isolated on MacConkey agar plates and the identification was confirmed by 16S rRNA PCR and biochemical tests. Susceptibility testing was determined by disk-diffusion method using 11 different beta-lactams and MIC assays were performed on isolates resistant to imipenem and ceftazidime. The beta-lactamase genes (IMP), (VIM), (SPM-1), (OXA-23-like), (OXA-24-like), (OXA-51-like) and the gene from class 1 integron were analysed by PCR. One hundred and twenty-four isolates were recovered and the most common species was . The resistance found among the isolates was considered high, 62 (50%) isolates were multiresistant. No isolate carrying the beta-lactamase genes tested was found among the strains. Seven isolates showed reduction of MIC for imipenem and ceftazidime in the presence of cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, indicating the hyper expression of efflux pumps. From the 124 isolates, 52 (41.9%) were identified as carrying the class 1 integron gene, . Untreated hospital effluents could be a source of environmental contamination due to discharge of antimicrobial resistant bacteria which can carry integron class 1 and act as a reservoir of resistance genes and have efflux pump systems.
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