Journal
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
Volume 91, Issue 2, Pages 89-93Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.05.006
Keywords
Lassa virus; Mopeia virus; Arenavirus; Ebola virus; Ribavirin; Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase
Categories
Funding
- Bundesamt fur Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung [E/B41G/1G309/1A403]
- German Research Foundation (DFG) [GU 883/1-1]
- European Community [LSHG-CT-2004-511960, 228292, 260644]
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Ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide) is the standard treatment for Lassa fever, though its mode of action is unknown. One possibility is depletion of the intracellular GTP pool via inhibition of the cellular enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). This study compared the anti-arenaviral effect of ribavirin with that of two other IMPDH inhibitors, mycophenolic acid (MPA) and 5-ethynyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide (EICAR). All three compounds were able to inhibit Lassa virus replication by >= 2 log units in cell culture. Restoring the intracellular GTP pool by exogenous addition of guanosine reversed the inhibitory effects of MPA and EICAR, while ribavirin remained fully active. Analogous experiments performed with Zaire Ebola virus showed that IMPDH inhibitors are also active against this virus, although to a lesser extent than against Lassa virus. In conclusion, the experiments with MPA and EICAR indicate that replication of Lassa and Ebola virus is sensitive to depletion of the GTP pool mediated via inhibition of IMPDH. However, this is not the predominant mechanism by which ribavirin exerts its in-vitro antiviral effect on Lassa virus. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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