Absorption of 90° domain walls to oxygen vacancies investigated through internal friction technique

We found that 90 degrees domain walls are absorptive to oxygen vacancies and the absorbing degree was related with the morphology of 90 degrees domain walls: curved 90 degrees domain walls are more absorptive to oxygen vacancies compared with straight 90 degrees domain walls. Therefore, in ferroelectric materials with curved 90 degrees domain walls, the density of oxygen vacancies diffusing to and subsequently pinning the 180 degrees domain walls is greatly suppressed, resulting in their excellent fatigue resistance.