Journal
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
Volume 12, Issue 2, Pages 261-273Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2792
Keywords
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Funding
- Danish Medical Research Council
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation
- The A. P. Moller Foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science
- Lundbeck Foundation [R7-2006-752] Funding Source: researchfish
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Heme, the functional group of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and other hemoproteins, is a highly toxic substance when it appears in the extracellular milieu. To circumvent potential harmful effects of heme from hemoproteins released during physiological or pathological cell damage (such as hemolysis and rhabdomyolysis), specific high capacity scavenging systems have evolved in the mammalian organism. Two major systems, which essentially function in a similar way by means of a circulating latent plasma carrier protein that upon ligand binding is recognized by a receptor, are represented by a) the hemoglobin-binding haptoglobin and the receptor CD163, and b) the heme-binding hemopexin and the receptor low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein/CD91. Apart from the disclosure of the molecular basis for these important heme scavenging systems by identifying the functional link between the carrier proteins and the respective receptors, research over the last decade has shown how these systems, and the metabolic pathways they represent, closely relate to inflammation and other biological events. Antioxid Redox Signal. 12, 261-273.
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