Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
Volume 93, Issue 2, Pages 334-339Publisher
AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0267
Keywords
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Funding
- National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina [PICT-2009-0135]
- Research Council of the National University of Salta [2041]
- Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [KAKENHI 18-06242]
- Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sports of Japan [23256002]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23256002] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Cases of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) were not recorded until recently in the Chaco region of northwestern Argentina. Dogs were surveyed at the sites of infection of two HVL index cases in the Chaco region of Salta province. Canine cases (CanL) were diagnosed by two parasitological methods, two molecular methods targeting mini- and maxicircle DNA, and immunochromatographic dipstick. Among 77 dogs studied, 10 (13%) were found infected with Leishmania spp. In seven dogs and two humans, the infecting species was typed as Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum. The same genotype was detected in the human and two of the CanL. Although several diagnostic methods displayed weak or moderate agreement, the concordance values for serology versus maxicircle PCR were very good (Kappa index = 0.84). Sandflies captured in the area were identified as Lutzomyia migonei and Lu. cortelezziau. sallesi (cortelezzii complex). The focal appearance of leishirnaniasis in dogs and humans in a sylvatic region and its relatively low prevalence of infection suggests that L. (L.) infantum transmission to dogs and humans may, in this region, stem from sylvatic reservoirs.
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