Botrocetin/VWF-induced signaling through GPIb-IX-V produces TxA2 in an αIIbβ3- and aggregation-independent manner

Binding of von Willebrand factor (VWF) to the platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V complex initiates a signaling cascade that causes alpha IIb beta 3 activation and platelet aggregation. Previous work demonstrated that botrocetin (bt)/VWF-mediated agglutination activates alpha IIb beta 3 and elicits adenosine triphosphate (ATP) secretion in a thromboxane A2 (TxA2)- and Ca2+-dependent manner. This agglutination-elicited TxA2 production occurs in the absence of ATP secretion. However, the signaling components and signaling network or pathway activated by GPIb-mediated agglutination to cause TxA2 production have not been identified. Therefore, the focus of this study was to elucidate at least part of the signal transduction network or pathway activated by GPIb-mediated agglutination to cause TxA2 production. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) selective inhibitor wortmannin, and mouse platelets deficient in Lyn, Src, Syk, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing leukocyte protein 76 (SLP-76), phospholipase C gamma 2 (PLC72), linker for activation of T cells (LAT), or Fc receptor gamma-chain (FcR gamma-chain) were used for these studies. LAT and FcR gamma-chain were found not to be required for agglutination-driven TxA2 production or activation of alpha IIb beta 3, but were required for granule secretion and aggregation. The results also clearly demonstrate that bt/VWF-mediated agglutination-induced TxA2 production is dependent on signaling apparently initiated by Lyn, enhanced by Src, and propagated through Syk, SLP-76, PI3K, PLC gamma 2, and protein kinase C (PKC).