Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 175, Issue 9, Pages 6100-6106Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.9.6100
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Microglia are phagocytic cells in the CNS and actively participate in proinflammatory responses in neurodegenerative diseases. We have previously shown that TNF-alpha up-regulated the expression of formyl peptide receptor 2 (mFPR2) in mouse microglial cells, resulting in increased chemotactic responses of such cells to mFPR2 agonists, including amyloid beta(1-42) (A beta(42)), a critical pathogenic agent in Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, we found that IL-4, a Th2-type cytokine, markedly inhibited TNF-alpha-induced expression of mFPR2 in microglial cells by attenuating activation of ERK and p38 MAPK as well as NF-kappa B. The effect of IL-4 was not dependent on Stat6 but rather required the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) as demonstrated by the capacity of PP2A small interfering RNA to reverse the effect of IL-4 in TNF-alpha-activated microglia. Since both IL-4 and TNF-alpha are produced in the CNS under pathophysiological conditions, our results suggest that IL-4 may play an important role in the maintenance of CNS homeostasis by limiting microglial activation by proinflammatory stimulants.
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