Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 175, Issue 9, Pages 5601-5605Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.9.5601
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [CA103320, CA096651] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI063402] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [HD41187] Funding Source: Medline
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CpG oligodeoxynucteotides (CpG-ODNs) stimulate innate and adaptive immunity by binding to TLR9 molecules. Paradoxically, expression oft he immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is induced following i.v. CpG-ODN administration to mice. CpG-ODNs induced selective IDO expression by a minor population of splenic CD19(+) dendritic cells (DCs) that did not express the plasmacytoid DC marker 120G8. Following CpG-ODN treatment, CD19(+) DCs acquired potent IDO-dependent T cell suppressive functions. Signaling through IFN type I receptors was essential for IDO up-regulation, and CpG-ODNs induced selective activation of STAT-1 in CD19(+) DO. Thus, CpG-ODNs delivered systemically at relatively high doses elicited potent T cell regulatory responses by acting on a discrete, minor population of splenic DO. The ability of CpG-ODNs to induce both stimulatory and regulatory responses offers novel opportunities for using them as immunomodulatory reagents but may complicate therapeutic use of CpG-ODNs to stimulate antitumor immunity in cancer patients.
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