Journal
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Volume 89, Issue 5, Pages 747-763Publisher
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.89.5.747
Keywords
identity; social influence; group polarization; communication; small group
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A distinction between forms of social identity formation in small interactive groups is investigated. In groups in which a common identity is available or given, norms for individual behavior may be deduced; from group properties (deductive identity). In groups in which interpersonal relations are central, a group identity may also be induced from individual group members' contributions, making individuality and individual distinctiveness a defining feature of the group (inductive identity). Two studies examined the prediction that depersonalization produced by anonymity has opposite effects for groups in which social identity has been induced or deduced. Results confirmed the prediction that depersonalization increases social influence in groups whose identity was more deductive. In contrast, depersonalization decreases social influence in inductive identity groups. Implications for the role of social identity in small groups are discussed.
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