Antiparkinson concentrations of pramipexole and PHNO occupy dopamine D2High and D3High receptors

Because the high-affinity state of dopamine D2 receptors, D2(High), is the functional state of D2, and because the proportion of D2 receptors in the high-affinity state correlates with dopamine behavioral supersensitivity, the present study was designed to determine the affinities of antiparkinson dopamine agonists at the D2(High) site by means of competition with [H-3]domperidone. In contrast to [I-125]iodosulpride or [H-3]spiperone, which are not sensitive to low concentrations of dopamine agonists, [H-3]domperidone readily reveals dissociation constants (K-i) for antiparkinson agonists at D2(High) and D3(High) receptors. The K-i values for the human cloned D2(High) and D3(High) receptors, respectively, were 19 and 9 nM for pramipexole, 0.24 and 0.6 nM for (+)PHNO, 0.7 and 1.3 nM for bromocriptine, 0.5 and 2.6 nM for apomorphine, and 0.09 and 0.25 nM for (-)N-propylnorapomorphine. After correcting for the fraction of drug bound to plasma proteins, the known clinical concentrations in plasma or plasma water of these drugs, including pramipexole and (+)PHNO, are sufficient to High occupy and activate the high-affinity state of D2, D2, in treating Parkinson's disease. The D3(High) receptors are less selectively occupied by (+)PHNO, bromocriptine, apomorphine, and (-)NPA.