Journal
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
Volume 60, Issue 11, Pages 1425-1431Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/60.11.1425
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR000954, 5-M01 RR00036] Funding Source: Medline
- NIA NIH HHS [P01-AG13629, P60 AG013629] Funding Source: Medline
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Background. Progressive resistance exercise training (PRT) has been shown to increase muscle strength and fat-free mass (FFM) in elderly persons. Limited information is available regarding the effects of PRT on lean and fat mass in frail elderly persons. Methods. Ninety-one community-dwelling sedentary men and women, 78 years and older with physical frailty (defined using standardized objective criteria) were enrolled in a 9-month trial of exercise training (ET). Physical frailty was defined as having 2 of file 3 following criteria: modified Physical Performance Test score between 18 and 32, peak aerobic power between 10 and 18 ml/kg/min, or self-report of difficulty or assistance with two instrumental activities of daily living or one basic activity of daily living. Participants were randomly assigned to either a control (CTL) group that performed a low intensity home exercise program or a supervised ET group that performed 3 months of low intensity exercise and 3 months of PRT. Results. After completion of PRT, ET participants had greater improvements than did CTL participants in maximal voluntary force production for knee extension (mean Delta +5.3 +/- 13 ft/lb vs +1.1 +/- 11 ft/lb, p = .05), measured using isokinetic dynamometry. Total body FFM (measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) increased in the ET group, but not in the CTL group (mean A Delta +0.84 +/- 1.4 kg vs +0.01 +/- 1.5 kg, p = .005). Total, trunk, intra-abdominal, and subcutaneous fat mass (measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and H-1-magnetic resonance imaging) did not change in response to PRT. Conclusions. Three months Of Supervised PRT induced improvements ill maximal voluntary thigh muscle strength and whole body FFM in frail, community-dwelling elderly women and men. This supervised exercise program may not be sufficient to reduce whole-body or intra-abdominal fat area in this population.
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