Journal
EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages 311-318Publisher
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/1064-1297.13.4.311
Keywords
drug choice; heroin; crack cocaine; impulsivity; risk taking
Funding
- NIDA NIH HHS [F31 DA018506, R21 DA14699] Funding Source: Medline
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Crack cocaine use is more associated with impulsivity and a propensity to take risks than heroin use, yet no studies have examined this relationship in the absence of acute drug effects. The current study examined impulsivity (using the Delay Discounting Task) and risk-taking propensity (using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task) across independent groups of primary crack cocaine users with minimal heroin use (n = 16) and primary heroin users with minimal crack cocaine use (n = 11) in residential treatment, with all participants drug abstinent during participation. Crack cocaine users evidenced greater levels of impulsivity and risk-taking propensity, with only the difference in impulsivity persisting after controlling for age and gender. These data hold potential theoretical importance in understanding differences between crack cocaine and heroin users, as the findings cannot be attributed solely to acute pharmacological drug effects.
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