Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH, VOL 33
Volume 33, Issue -, Pages 7-40Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031811-124658
Keywords
health inequality; trends; race/ethnicity; SES
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Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [K01 HL096409] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [R24 HD042854] Funding Source: Medline
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Health inequalities, which have been well documented for decades, have more recently become policy targets in developed countries. This review describes time trends in health inequalities (by sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status), commitments to reduce health inequalities, and progress made to eliminate health inequalities in the United States, United Kingdom, and other OECD countries. Time-trend data in the United States indicate a narrowing of the gap between the best- and worst-off groups in some health indicators, such as life expectancy, but a widening of the gap in others, such as diabetes prevalence. Similarly, time-trend data in the United Kingdom indicate a narrowing of the gap between the best- and worst-off groups in some indicators, such as hypertension prevalence, whereas the gap between social classes has increased for life expectancy. More research and better methods are needed to measure precisely the relationships between stated policy goals and observed trends in health inequalities.
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