Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY, VOL 65
Volume 65, Issue -, Pages 505-530Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-050213-035811
Keywords
epigenetics; gene regulation; genome rearrangement; genome size; transposon domestication
Categories
Funding
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1127079] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Transposable elements (TEs) are the key players in generating genomic novelty by a combination of the chromosome rearrangements they cause and the genes that come under their regulatory sway. Genome size, gene content, gene order, centromere function, and numerous other aspects of nuclear biology are driven by TE activity. Although the origins and attitudes of TEs have the hallmarks of selfish DNA, there are numerous cases where TE components have been co-opted by the host to create new genes or modify gene regulation. In particular, epigenetic regulation has been transformed from a process to silence invading TEs and viruses into a key strategy for regulating plant genes. Most, perhaps all, of this epigenetic regulation is derived from TE insertions near genes or TE-encoded factors that act in trans. Enormous pools of genome data and new technologies for reverse genetics will lead to a powerful new era of TE analysis in plants.
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