Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY, VOL 76
Volume 76, Issue -, Pages 225-249Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021113-170252
Keywords
obesity; metabolic syndrome; thermogenesis; brown adipose tissue; brown fat; beige cell; UCP1; interorgan networks
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Funding
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R00 DK087853, R01 DK097441, DK097441, DK087853, K99 DK087853] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R00DK087853, K99DK087853, R01DK097441] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized to dissipate chemical energy in the form of heat as a defense against cold and excessive feeding. Interest in the field of BAT biology has exploded in the past few years because of the therapeutic potential of BAT to counteract obesity and obesity-related diseases, including insulin resistance. Much progress has been made, particularly in the areas of BAT physiology in adult humans, developmental lineages of brown adipose cell fate, and hormonal control of BAT thermogenesis. As we enter into a new era of brown fat biology, the next challenge will be to develop strategies for activating BAT thermogenesis in adult humans to increase whole-body energy expenditure. This article reviews the recent major advances in this field and discusses emerging questions.
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