Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY, VOL 76
Volume 76, Issue -, Pages 447-465Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-030212-183735
Keywords
oxidative stress; nanoparticles; carbon nanotubes; ambient particulate matter; lung
Categories
Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [RR00169, P51 RR000169] Funding Source: Medline
- NIEHS NIH HHS [U01 ES020127, RC1 ES018232, U01 ES02027, P01 ES00628, P01 ES000628] Funding Source: Medline
- NIOSH CDC HHS [OH07550, U54 OH007550] Funding Source: Medline
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The emergence of engineered nanoscale materials has provided significant advancements in electronic, biomedical, and material science applications. Both engineered nanoparticles and nanoparticles derived from combustion or incidental processes exhibit a range of physical and chemical properties that induce inflammation and oxidative stress in biological systems. Oxidative stress reflects the imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and the biochemical mechanisms to detoxify and repair the damage resulting from reactive intermediates. This review examines current research on incidental and engineered nanoparticles in terms of their health effects on lungs and the mechanisms by which oxidative stress via physicochemical characteristics influences toxicity or biocompatibility. Although oxidative stress has generally been thought of as an adverse biological outcome, this review also briefly discusses some of the potential emerging technologies to use nanoparticle-induced oxidative stress to treat disease in a site-specific fashion.
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