Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 71, Issue -, Pages 205-217Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.010908.163128
Keywords
stomach; intestine; colon; electrolytes; secretion
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [DK 54999, DK 17433]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [P01DK017433, R01DK054999] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Digestion of food and normal salt and water homeostasis in the body require a functional digestive tract. Recently an increasing number of studies hive demonstrated a role for the calcium-sensing receptor along the entire gastrointestinal tract and its role in normal gut physiology. Detailed studies have been performed on colonic fluid transport and gastric acid secretion. We have now demonstrated that the receptor can modulate fluid secretion and absorption along the intestine and can thereby be a potent target to prevent secretory diarrhea. Recent studies have demonstrated that organic nutrients such as polyamines and L-amino acids can act as agonists by allosterically modifying the receptor. Thus, the receptor may detect nutrient to epithelial cells along the gastrointestinal tract and may be involved in the coordinated rapid turnover of the intestinal epithelium. Furthermore, the receptor has been suggested as a link for the mechanisms leading to calcium uptake by the colon and may thus reduce the risk for colon cancer.
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