Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 51, 2011
Volume 51, Issue -, Pages 267-288Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.010909.105812
Keywords
liver; lung; inflammation; ROS; RNS; fibrosis; cytokines
Categories
Funding
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA132624] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES [U54AR055073] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [R01ES004738, P30ES005022] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM034310] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA132624, CA132624] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAMS NIH HHS [AR055073, U54 AR055073] Funding Source: Medline
- NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES004738, ES004738, ES005022, P30 ES005022] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM034310, R01 GM034310] Funding Source: Medline
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The past several years have seen the accumulation of evidence demonstrating that tissue injury induced by diverse toxicants is due not only to their direct effects on target tissues but also indirectly to the actions of resident and infiltrating macrophages These cells release an array of mediators with cytotoxic, pro- and anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, fibrogenic, and mitogenic activity, which function of fight infections, limit tissue injury, and promote wound healing. However following exposure to toxicants, macrophages can become hyperresponsive, resulting in uncontrolled or dysregulated release of mediators that exacerate acute tissue injury and/or promote the development of chronic diseases such as fibrosis and cancer. Evidence suggests that the diverse activity of macrophages is mediated by distinct subpopulations that develop in response to signals within their microenvironment. Understanding the precise roles of these different macrophage populations in the pathogenic response to toxicants is key to designing effective treatments for minimizing tissue damage and chronic disease and for facilitating wound repair.
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