Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 31
Volume 31, Issue -, Pages 353-367Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-081810-160812
Keywords
energy restriction; caloric restriction; dietary-induced obesity; influenza infection; natural killer cells; virus
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Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [AG029637] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [R15AG029637] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Influenza is a worldwide public health concern, particularly with emerging new strains of influenza to which vaccines are ineffective, limited, or unavailable. In addition, the relationship between adequate nutrition and immune function has been repeatedly demonstrated. Mouse models provide strong evidence that energy extremes, including energy restriction (ER) and diet-induced obesity (DIO), have deleterious effects on the immune response to influenza infection. Both ER and DIO mice demonstrate increased susceptibility and mortality to influenza infection. The effects of ER are more pronounced during innate responses to influenza infection, whereas the effects of DIO are evidenced during innate and adaptive responses to both primary and secondary infection. There are striking similarities between ER and DIO during influenza infection, including impaired natural killer cell function and altered inflammation. Future studies must develop effective nutritional paradigms to offset the effects of these energy extremes on the immune response to an acute infection.
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