Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NEUROSCIENCE, VOL 36
Volume 36, Issue -, Pages 243-270Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-062912-114322
Keywords
HITS-CLIP; Nova; Elavl; FMRP; microRNA; neuron-specific splicing factors
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Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR024143] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [NS081706, R01 NS034389, R01 NS081706, R01 NS34389] Funding Source: Medline
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Neurons have their own systems for regulating RNA. Several multigene families encode RNA binding proteins (RNABPs) that are uniquely expressed in neurons, including the well-known neuron-specific markers ELAV and NeuN and the disease antigen NOVA. New technologies have emerged in recent years to assess the function of these proteins in vivo, and the answers are yielding insights into how and why neurons may regulate RNA in special ways-to increase cellular complexity, to localize messenger RNA(mRNA) spatially, and to regulate their expression in response to synaptic stimuli. The functions of such restricted neuronal proteins are likely to be complemented by more widely expressed RNABPs that may themselves have developed specialized functions in neurons, including Argonaute/microRNAs (miRNAs). Here we review what is known about such RNABPs and explore the potential biologic and neurologic significance of neuronal RNA regulatory systems.
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