Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 72
Volume 72, Issue -, Pages 209-230Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-090817-062139
Keywords
antibiotic resistance; genetic instability; mutation rates; mutagenesis; SOS; ROS; evolvability
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By targeting essential cellular processes, antibiotics provoke metabolic perturbations and induce stress responses and genetic variation in bacteria. Here we review current knowledge of the mechanisms by which these molecules generate genetic instability. They include production of reactive oxygen species, as well as induction of the stress response regulons, which lead to enhancement of mutation and recombination rates and modulation of horizontal gene transfer. All these phenomena influence the evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance. The use of strategies to stop or decrease the generation of resistant variants is also discussed.
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