Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 72
Volume 72, Issue -, Pages 447-478Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-102215-095605
Keywords
TLR; RIG-I; MDA5; cGAS; cGAMP; MAVS; STING; IRF3; NF-kappa B; interferon
Categories
Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI093967] Funding Source: Medline
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Microbial infections are recognized by the innate immune system through germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). As most microbial pathogens contain DNA and/or RNA during their life cycle, nucleic acid sensing has evolved as an essential strategy for host innate immune defense. Pathogen-derived nucleic acids with distinct features are recognized by specific host PRRs localized in endolysosomes and the cytosol. Activation of these PRRs triggers signaling cascades that culminate in the production of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines, leading to induction of an antimicrobial state, activation of adaptive immunity, and eventual clearance of the infection. Here, we review recent progress in innate immune recognition of nucleic acids upon microbial infection, including pathways involving endosomal Toll-like receptors, cytosolic RNA sensors, and cytosolic DNA sensors. We also discuss the mechanisms by which infectious microbes counteract host nucleic acid sensing to evade immune surveillance.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available