Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 68
Volume 68, Issue -, Pages 415-438Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-092412-155725
Keywords
protein secretion; bacterial pathogenesis; molecular machines
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [AI030492, AI055472]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [R01AI055472, R29AI030492, R01AI030492, R37AI030492] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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One of the most exciting developments in the field of bacterial pathogenesis in recent years is the discovery that many pathogens utilize complex nanomachines to deliver bacterially encoded effector proteins into target eukaryotic cells. These effector proteins modulate a variety of cellular functions for the pathogen's benefit. One of these protein-delivery machines is the type III secretion system (T3SS). T3SSs are widespread in nature and are encoded not only by bacteria pathogenic to vertebrates or plants but also by bacteria that are symbiotic to plants or insects. A central component of T3SSs is the needle complex, a supramolecular structure that mediates the passage of the secreted proteins across the bacterial envelope. Working in conjunction with several cytoplasmic components, the needle complex engages specific substrates in sequential order, moves them across the bacterial envelope, and ultimately delivers them into eukaryotic cells. The central role of T3SSs in pathogenesis makes them great targets for novel antimicrobial strategies.
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