Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 66
Volume 66, Issue -, Pages 265-283Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-092611-150107
Keywords
rhizosphere; competition; trade-offs; mutualism; pathogen; specificity
Categories
Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM092660] Funding Source: Medline
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [0919434, 1050237] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The composition of the soil microbial community can be altered dramatically due to association with individual plant species, and these effects on the microbial community can have important feedbacks on plant ecology. Negative plant-soil feedback plays primary roles in maintaining plant community diversity, whereas positive plant-soil feedback may cause community conversion. Host-specific differentiation of the microbial community results from the trade-offs associated with overcoming plant defense and the specific benefits associated with plant rewards. Accumulation of host-specific pathogens likely generates negative feedback on the plant, while changes in the density of microbial mutualists likely generate positive feedback. However, the competitive dynamics among microbes depends on the multidimensional costs of virulence and mutualism, the fine-scale spatial structure within plant roots, and active plant allocation and localized defense. Because of this, incorporating a full view of microbial dynamics is essential to explaining the dynamics of plant-soil feedbacks and therefore plant community ecology.
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