Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 64, 2010
Volume 64, Issue -, Pages 163-184Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.micro.091208.073413
Keywords
gram-negative bacteria; bacterial envelope; vesiculation; secretion; blebs; membrane budding; stress response
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Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [R01AI079068, R01AI064464] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI064464, R01 AI079068, R01AI064464, R01AI079068] Funding Source: Medline
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Gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that contain biologically active proteins and perform diverse biological processes Unlike other secretion mechanisms, OMVs enable bacteria to secrete insoluble molecules in addition to and in complex with soluble material OMVs allow enzymes to reach distant targets in a concentrated, protected, and targeted form OMVs also play roles in bacterial survival Their production is a bacterial stress response and important for nutrient acquisition, biofilm development, and pathogenesis Key characteristics of OMV biogenesis include outward bulging of are is lacking membrane-peptidoglycan bonds, the capacity to upregulate vesicle production without also losing outer membrane integrity, enrichment or exclusion of certain proteins and lipids, and membrane fission without direct energy from ATP/GTP hydrolysis Comparisons of similar budding mechanisms from diverse biological domains have provided new insight Into evaluating mechanisms for outer membrane vesiculation
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