Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL 6
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages 249-277Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135029
Keywords
epizootics; mass mortalities; health; oceans; ocean warming
Funding
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1017510] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Ocean Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1216220] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Infectious diseases are common in marine environments, but the effects of a changing climate on marine pathogens are not well understood. Here we review current knowledge about how the climate drives host-pathogen interactions and infectious disease outbreaks. Climate-related impacts on marine diseases are being documented in corals, shellfish, finfish, and humans; these impacts are less clearly linked for other organisms. Oceans and people are inextricably linked, and marine diseases can both directly and indirectly affect human health, livelihoods, and well-being. We recommend an adaptive management approach to better increase the resilience of ocean systems vulnerable to marine diseases in a changing climate. Land-based management methods of quarantining, culling, and vaccinating are not successful in the ocean; therefore, forecasting conditions that lead to outbreaks and designing tools/approaches to influence these conditions may be the best way to manage marine disease.
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