Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL 6
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages 221-247Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-121211-172238
Keywords
carbonate chemistry; carbon dioxide; coastal-zone variability; organismal perspective; carbonate weather; carbonate climate
Funding
- Directorate For Geosciences [1041267] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Multiple natural and anthropogenic processes alter the carbonate chemistry of the coastal zone in ways that either exacerbate or mitigate ocean acidification effects. Freshwater inputs and multiple acid-base reactions change carbonate chemistry conditions, sometimes synergistically. The shallow nature of these systems results in strong benthic-pelagic coupling, and marine invertebrates at different life history stages rely on both benthic and pelagic habitats. Carbonate chemistry in coastal systems can be highly variable, responding to processes with temporal modes ranging from seconds to centuries. Identifying scales of variability relevant to levels of biological organization requires a fuller characterization of both the frequency and magnitude domains of processes contributing to or reducing acidification in pelagic and benthic habitats. We review the processes that contribute to coastal acidification with attention to timescales of variability and habitats relevant to marine bivalves.
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