Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY, VOL 30
Volume 30, Issue -, Pages 115-148Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-074958
Keywords
dendritic cells; pattern-recognition receptors; T lymphocytes; chemokines; chemokine receptors
Categories
Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [R37AI035681, R01AI093553, R01AI040996, R01AI035681, R01AI073337, R56AI083313, R01AI083313] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- Veterans Affairs [I01BX000717] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- VA [5I01BX000717-03] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI073337, R01 AI093553, R01 AI035681, R37 AI035681, AI35681, R01 AI040996, AI40996, AI-083313, R01 AI083313, R56 AI083313, AI-093553] Funding Source: Medline
- BLRD VA [I01 BX000717] Funding Source: Medline
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Only a handful of the more than 100,000 fungal species on our planet cause disease in humans, yet the number of life-threatening fungal infections in patients has recently skyrocketed as a result of advances in medical care that often suppress immunity intensely. This emerging crisis has created pressing needs to clarify immune defense mechanisms against fungi, with the ultimate goal of therapeutic applications. Herein, we describe recent insights in understanding the mammalian immune defenses deployed against pathogenic fungi. The review focuses on adaptive immune responses to the major medically important fungi and emphasizes how dendritic cells and subsets in various anatomic compartments respond to fungi, recognize their molecular patterns, and signal responses that nurture and shape the differentiation of T cell subsets and B cells. Also emphasized is how the latter deploy effector and regulatory mechanisms that eliminate these nasty invaders while also constraining collateral damage to vital tissue.
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