Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, VOL 6
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages 495-525Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131208
Keywords
regulation; effortful control; executive function; adjustment; socialization
Categories
Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [R01MH060838] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH060838-11, R01 MH060838-10, R01 MH060838] Funding Source: Medline
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The development of children's emotion-related self-regulation appears to be related to, and likely involved in, many aspects of children's development. In this review, the distinction between effortful self-regulatory processes and those that are somewhat less voluntary is discussed, and literature on the former capacities is reviewed. Emotion-related self-regulation develops rapidly in the early years of life and improves more slowly into adulthood. Individual differences in children's self-regulation are fairly stable after the first year or two of life. Such individual differences are inversely related to at least some types of externalizing problems. Findings for internalizing problems are less consistent and robust, although emotion-related self-regulation appears to be inversely related to internalizing problems after the early years. Self-regulatory capacities have been related to both genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. Some interventions designed to foster self-regulation and, hence, reduce maladjustment, have proved to be at least partially effective.
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