Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, VOL 30
Volume 30, Issue -, Pages 535-560Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100913-012927
Keywords
morphology; skull; body size; breed standard; disease; genomics
Categories
Funding
- NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE [ZIAHG200377] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- BBSRC [BBS/E/D/20211553] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/E/D/20211553] Funding Source: Medline
- Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA HG200377-02] Funding Source: Medline
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Although most modern dog breeds are less than 200 years old, the symbiosis between man and dog is ancient. Since prehistoric times, repeated selection events have transformed the wolf into man's guardians, laborers, athletes, and companions. The rapid transformation from pack predator to loyal companion is a feat that is arguably unique among domesticated animals. How this transformation came to pass remained a biological mystery until recently: Within the past decade, the deployment of genomic approaches to study population structure, detect signatures of selection, and identify genetic variants that underlie canine phenotypes is ushering into focus novel biological mechanisms that make dogs remarkable. Ironically, the very practices responsible for breed formation also spurned morbidity; today, many diseases are correlated with breed identity. In this review, we discuss man's best friend in the context of a genetic model to understand paradigms of heritable phenotypes, both desirable and disadvantageous.
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