Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, VOL 28
Volume 28, Issue -, Pages 189-214Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155807
Keywords
aneuploidy; chromosome missegregation; proteotoxic stress; cancer; neurodegenerative disease
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Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM056800, GM56800, R29 GM056800] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM056800, R29GM056800] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Deviation from a balanced genome by either gain or loss of entire chromosomes is generally tolerated poorly in all eukaryotic systems studied to date. Errors in mitotic or meiotic cell division lead to aneuploidy, which places a burden of additional or insufficient gene products from the missegregated chromosomes on the daughter cells. The burden of aneuploidy often manifests itself as impaired fitness of individual cells and whole organisms, in which abnormal development is also characteristic. However, most human cancers, noted for their rapid growth, also display various levels of aneuploidy. Here we discuss the detrimental, potentially beneficial, and sometimes puzzling effects of aneuploidy on cellular and organismal fitness and tissue function as well as its role in diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration.
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