Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, VOL 28
Volume 28, Issue -, Pages 163-187Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155824
Keywords
CTCF; polycomb; TFIIIC; cohesin; epigenetics
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Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM035463] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM035463, GM35463] Funding Source: Medline
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Long-range interactions between transcription regulatory elements play an important role in gene activation, epigenetic silencing, and chromatin organization. Transcriptional activation or repression of developmentally regulated genes is often accomplished through tissue-specific chromatin architecture and dynamic localization between active transcription factories and repressive Polycomb bodies. However, the mechanisms underlying the structural organization of chromatin and the coordination of physical interactions are not fully understood. Insulators and Polycomb group proteins form highly conserved multiprotein complexes that mediate functional long-range interactions and have proposed roles in nuclear organization. In this review, we explore recent findings that have broadened our understanding of the function of these proteins and provide an integrative model for the roles of insulators in nuclear organization.
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