Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 25, Issue -, Pages 457-482Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.13350
Keywords
sex determination; germ cell; testis; ovary; sex reversal
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [HL63054, HD39963]
- National Science Foundation [NSF-0849646]
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [R37HD039963] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH &HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [F32HD058433, R01HD039963] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL063054] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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A critical element of successful sexual reproduction is the generation of sexually dimorphic adult reproductive organs, the testis and ovary, which produce functional gametes. Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved. We highlight the mechanisms used by different vertebrate model systems to generate the somatic architecture necessary to support gametogenesis. In addition, we examine the different vertebrate patterns of germ cell migration from their site of origin to colonize the gonad and highlight their roles in sex-specific morphogenesis. We also discuss the plasticity of the adult gonad and consider how different genetic and environmental conditions can induce transitions between testis and ovary morphology.
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