Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS, VOL 41
Volume 41, Issue -, Pages 519-542Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-042910-155306
Keywords
stem cell fate; mechanotransduction; cellular microenvironment; mechanical forces; microtechnology/nanotechnology
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [UL1RR024986, UL1 RR024986] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HL73305, R01 HL073305] Funding Source: Medline
- NIBIB NIH HHS [EB001046, EB00262, P41 EB001046, R01 EB000262] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM074048, GM74048] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [UL1RR024986] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL073305] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING [P41EB001046, R01EB000262] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM074048] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Physical factors in the local cellular microenvironment, including cell shape and geometry, matrix mechanics, external mechanical forces, and nanotopographical features of the extracellular matrix, can all have strong influences on regulating stem cell fate. Stem cells sense and respond to these insoluble biophysical signals through integrin-mediated adhesions and the force balance between intracellular cytoskeletal contractility and the resistant forces originated from the extracellular matrix. Importantly, these mechanotransduction processes can couple with many other potent growth-factor-mediated signaling pathways to regulate stem cell fate. Different bioengineering tools and microscale/nanoscale devices have been successfully developed to engineer the physical aspects of the cellular microenvironment for stem cells, and these tools and devices have proven extremely powerful for identifying the extrinsic physical factors and their downstream intracellular signaling pathways that control stem cell functions.
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